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In addition to taking care of the decayed and broken down parts of your teeth, it is important to maintain and care for their foundation, otherwise known as your gingiva or 'gums'. Often, periodontal problems go unnoticed since there may not be any outward symptoms. Deep scaling and root planing is completed first, in an effort to allow the gums and bone to heal, minimizing the need for surgery. Medications can effectively reduce bacterial levels, allowing the gums to heal quicker. In addition, proper periodontal maintenance will help decrease the incidence of bad breath. If you're suffering from bad breath, there's a good chance periodontal therapy will solve your problem.
Periodontal disease is an inflammation or infection that attacks the gums and bones that hold your teeth in place. It is caused by bacteria in plaque (the sticky, nearly colorless film that constantly forms on your teeth). In it's early stages, gum disease is called gingivitis. A later, more serious stage is known as periodontitis. Gum disease can be treated in ways ranging from cleaning to surgery; but more important, it can be prevented altogether by regular brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings.
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Affects 50 million Americans |
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If it is not treated, it can result in tooth loss |
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Your teeth may :
Seem longer in appearance, shift or loosen, or form new spaces between them |
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Your gums may :
Appear red and swollen, bleed when you brush, or detach from the teeth to form 'pockets'. |
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Your mouth may have :
A bad taste, or persistent bad breath |
Fortunately, periodontal disease can be treated, and the earlier the treatment, the less severe the damage.
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Healthy gums are firm and don't bleed. Tiny fibers hold teeth tightly to the gums and bone. Gums fit snugly around the teeth. The best way to remove plaque is to regularly brush and floss. Professional cleanings are recommended two to three times a year.
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The early stage of periodontal disease is called gingivitis, a mild inflammation of the gums. Plaque and tartar (hardened plaque) build up at the gumline, and the gums become red & puffy, and may bleed during brushing and flossing. The bone and fibers have not yet been affected. With proper treatment, any damage can be reversed.
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At this stage, plaque and tartar move down the roots, and the inflammation damages the bone and fibers supporting the tooth. Gums may separate from the tooth and start to recede. A pocket forms below the gumline that traps plaque and food, often causing bad breath. Treatment can stop further damage.
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At this stage, the inflammation irreversibly destroys the bone and fibers holding the teeth. Gums recede and separate from the teeth. Usually the gums feel painful. The teeth may shift or loosen, and the bite may change. If treatment can't save the tooth, then extraction may be necessary to prevent further damage.
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